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Samuel Colley
Samuel Gerish Colley (December 8, 1807 - October 21, 1890) was an American farmer, sheriff, politician and Indian Agent from Turtle and Beloit, Wisconsin who served three one-year terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly.〔("Members of the Wisconsin Legislature 1848–1999 State of Wisconsin Legislative Bureau. Information Bulletin 99-1, September 1999. p. 39 )〕 He became notorious for malfeasance in office as federal agent for the Upper Arkansas River valley tribes. His actions are considered by some to be one of the causes of the Colorado War.〔(Sand Creek Massacre )〕
== Background ==
Colley was born in Bedford, New Hampshire on December 8, 1807, son of Joseph Colley, Jr. He married Lydia Atwood (1809 - 1874) of Bedford in 1832 (they were to have one child, Dexter). Colley was part of Horace White's New England Emigrating Company group who moved into the Beloit area ''en masse'' from New Hampshire and other parts of New England. He arrived in the spring of 1838, and claimed 320 acres (one half of a square mile) in Section 21 of the Town of Beloit, on which he built a small frame house in which eleven people spent that winter, though there was only one bed in the house.
By the winter of 1839, Colley was a justice of the peace, and as such performed the first marriage held in the incipient village of Beloit. In 1840 his father joined him in Wisconsin.〔''The History of Rock County, Wisconsin: Its Early Settlement, Growth, Development, Resources, Etc.'' Chicago: Western Historical Company, 1879; pp. 615, 803〕 His father was a delegate to the Second Wisconsin Constitutional Convention in 1848.
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